NOTE: The VSS is no longer installed on newer vehicles with manual transmission. On these vehicles the vehicle speed is provided via the ABS (Anti-lock Brake System). The VSS works on the Hall-effect principle of operation (not on the Transit) and delivers a square-wave voltage signal whose frequency is proportional to the current vehicle speed.… Read More »
The MAF sensor works according to the hot wire principle. The MAF sensor is used exclusively to regulate exhaust gas recirculation EGR (closed control loop) and not for fuel metering, as is the case in petrol engines.’ Effects of faults If the signal from the MAF sensor fails then the EGR rate is regulated using… Read More »
Example of installation position of the CHT sensor on the 2.0L Duratorq-DI 1 Cylinder head 2 Sensor tip 3 CHT sensor The CHT sensor (CHT = Cylinder Head Temperature) replaces the ECT sensor and the temperature sensor for the temperature display in the instrument cluster. The CHT sensor is screwed into the cylinder head and… Read More »
Depending on the system, either a MAP sensor and an IAT sensor or a T-MAP sensor is installed. In the T-MAP sensor, the MAP sensor and the IAT sensor are combined to form a single component. The boost pressure in the intake manifold is measured by means of the MAP sensor. The higher the boost… Read More »
The CMP signal is required by the IDM/PCM to activate the individual fuel injectors according to the injection sequence. The CMP sensor works on the Hall principle. The square-wave signal is used to identify cylinder 1, in conjunction with the CKP signal. Effects of faults During the engine start the CKP signal and the CMP… Read More »
The CKP sensor records inductively the exact angular position of the crankshaft as well as the engine speed. Sensor ring for the CKP sensor A Sensor ring, 2.0L Duratorq TDCi B 1.8L Duratorq-TDCi sensor ring 1 Gap in the sensor ring The CKP sensor scans a sensor ring with 60–2 teeth. The gap is located… Read More »
1 CHT signal 2 CKP 3 PCM 4 Glow plug warning indicator 5 Sheathed-type glow plug relay (in CJB (Central Junction Box)) 6 Parallel connected fuses (50 A each) 7 Sheathed-type glow plugs Glow plug warning indicator Note: • On vehicles without EOBD the glow plug warning indicator has a second function: If it flashes… Read More »
1 EEC V PCM 2 IDM 3 Delphi PCM Ford diesel vehicles with Delphi common rail injection systems are gradually being fitted with just one PCM. A separate IDM is no longer installed. The components and functions of the EEC V PCM and the IDM are integrated in the Delphi PCM. This is referred to… Read More »
NOTE: If the IDM has been programmed with the latest software version using WDS, ensure that the PCM is programmed with the latest software version as well. If this was not done automatically at the re-programming stage, then it must be done manually immediately. Otherwise increased combustion noise, increased fuel consumption and black smoke emissions… Read More »
a Fixed frequency b Variable switch-on time 1 Signal voltage 2 Time The microprocessor transmits output signals to the actuators via specific output stages. The output signals for the actuators can also have different forms: • Switch signals (switch actuators on and off, such as the A/C clutch), • PWM (Pulse Width Modulation) signals. PWM… Read More »